Product Overview

The High Temperature Solar Heat Pump for Greenhouses is a heavy-duty water-heating system designed for agricultural facilities requiring stable thermal energy during cold weather. It combines air-source heat pump technology with solar photovoltaic (PV) power to supply heated water for closed-loop greenhouse heating circuits, including radiant floor heating, perimeter heating pipes, and hydronic fan-coil units.

The system extracts low-grade thermal energy from ambient air while utilizing direct-current solar PV electricity to power the compressor. Grid power serves as an automated supplementary energy source when solar generation is insufficient to meet building loads.

Successful greenhouse integration depends on matching equipment specifications to actual site parameters, including heat loss, required water temperature, local winter design temperatures, and hydraulic configurations.

Technical Specifications

Parameter	Technical Configuration / Reference
Primary Application	Greenhouse heating, agricultural climate control
Heat Source	Ambient air + solar-powered heat pump operation
Heating Water Temperature	25–60°C, model-dependent
Ambient Operating Range	-30°C to 45°C, model-dependent
Residential / Light-Commercial Capacity	Approx. 12.6–28.5 kW
Commercial Heating Capacity	Approx. 75.5–172.5 kW
Solar PV Input	200–560 V DC, model-dependent
Recommended PV Power	Approx. 4.5–9 kW for smaller units; scaled higher for commercial installations
Compressor Technology	DC inverter / EVI DC inverter
Refrigerant Type	R32 / R410A configurations available
Power Supply	220–230 V single-phase or 380–415 V three-phase
Water Heat Exchanger	Plate heat exchanger or shell-and-tube / tank exchanger
Controller Interface	LCD / wired digital controller
Water Connection	DN25–DN32 for smaller units; flanged connections for commercial systems
Operating Noise Level	Approx. ≤58–65 dB(A) for standard models
Heating COP	Approx. 3.5–4.8 under specified standard test conditions

Key Product Benefits

High-Temperature Water Heating

The heat pump provides heated water for hydronic systems where elevated supply temperatures are required to maintain target indoor growing conditions.
Configured to deliver heating water within the 25–60°C range depending on the selected model.
Leaving-water temperature must be aligned with greenhouse heating equipment and project heat-load calculations.

Solar PV + Heat Pump Operation

The system integrates direct-current PV input with conventional alternating current (AC) grid power.
Available solar electricity is consumed directly by the heat pump during high-generation periods.
The grid supplements electrical power automatically when solar output drops.
Selected models support a 200–560 V DC solar input range, with recommended PV capacities scaled to model sizes.

Suitable for Hydronic Greenhouse Networks
Designed to supply heated water rather than direct air, ensuring compatibility with closed-loop hydronic networks:

Underfloor heating loops
Perimeter heating pipes
Radiant heating systems
Fan-coil units and air handling heating coils
Buffer tanks and hydraulic mixing manifolds

Low-Temperature Heating Operation

Greenhouses in cold climates experience substantial heat loss during winter nights. Sourcing requires evaluation against actual outdoor design temperatures.
Specified ambient operating range extends from approximately -30°C to 45°C, depending on model configuration.
Actual heating capacity and coefficient of performance (COP) vary with ambient temperature and leaving-water setpoints.

How the System Works

01/

Thermal Extraction: The unit extracts low-grade thermal energy from ambient outdoor air via the evaporator coil.

02/

Compression: The inverter compressor raises refrigerant pressure and temperature.

03/

Heat Transfer: Thermal energy transfers through the water-side heat exchanger into the greenhouse hydronic heating circuit.

04/

Energy Blending: When solar generation is active, DC power feeds the system. When solar power drops, AC grid power maintains continuous operation.

Target Greenhouse Applications

Commercial Vegetable Greenhouses: Maintains stable root-zone and ambient temperatures for tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers, and leafy greens.

Flower & Ornamental Nurseries: Protects temperature-sensitive floral crops from low-temperature stress using regulated hot water distribution.

Multi-Zone Propagation Facilities: Supplies centralized thermal energy across segmented growing areas, allowing independent circuit regulation.

Large-Scale Commercial Projects: Parallel configuration of multiple heat pump units to match peak commercial loads and maintain partial-load efficiency.

Typical System Hydraulic Configuration

A standard commercial installation incorporates:

Solar PV Array: Supplying direct DC input to the system.
Solar Heat Pump Unit(s): Generating heated water.
Buffer Tank: Separating heat pump operation from short-term heating load fluctuations.
Circulation Pumps: Maintaining required water flow rates.

Hydraulic Distribution Manifolds: Routing water to floor loops, pipes, or fan coils.

Hydraulic design must account for supply/return temperature differentials, pressure drops, pump heads, and zoning requirements.

Model Sizing & Engineering Considerations

Sizing a greenhouse heat pump based solely on floor area is insufficient. Engineering evaluations must account for:

Envelope Heat Loss: Greenhouse dimensions, sidewall height, and insulation materials (glass, single/double polycarbonate, film layers).

Design Temperatures: Local winter minimum outdoor temperature vs. target indoor crop temperature.

Water Temperature Requirements: Specifying required supply and return temperatures rather than requesting a generic high-temperature label.

Capacity Degradation: Verifying heating capacity at actual design outdoor temperatures (e.g., A-7/W45 or W50) rather than standard A7/W35 ratings.

Defrost Control Behavior: Evaluating defrost frequency, duration, and recovery cycles in humid, sub-zero environments.

Quality Control & Testing Standards

Long-term agricultural operation depends on rigorous manufacturing inspection. Production quality control includes:

Refrigerant Circuit Pressure Testing	Leak detection under high nitrogen pressure.
Electrical Safety Verification	Insulation resistance and grounding continuity tests.
Functional Run Testing	Automated testing of compressor performance, EVI valve operation, and control logic under simulated load conditions.
Water-Side Pressure Testing	Ensuring structural integrity of plate heat exchangers and internal piping.

FAQ

Q: Can the system provide sufficient heat during severe winter conditions?

A: Yes, provided the equipment is sized according to the greenhouse's peak design heat load and local minimum outdoor temperatures rather than nominal ratings.

Q: What water temperature range is supported?

A: Selected models deliver heating water within the 25–60°C range, depending on the operational mode and heating distribution setup.

Q: Does the system operate during overcast weather or at night?

A: Yes. The hybrid architecture utilizes AC grid power automatically when solar generation is insufficient. Battery storage can be integrated if specific autonomous operation is required.

Q: Can this equipment integrate with existing boilers?

A: Yes. The heat pump can serve as the primary heat source or integrate with existing gas or oil boilers as a hybrid backup system for peak winter loads.

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High Temperature Solar Heat Pump For Greenhouses